Tamil

This is an edited volume of Kalasakkaram published by Sarasvati Mahal Library based on a manuscript by Thillanayaka Pulavar. The edited volume in prepared by Vidvan Adikalasriyar. The copy we link here is hosted by Internet Archive. Kālaśākkaram is an astrological text that describes the positions of planetary bodies and their purported benefic and malefic influences. The text also contains an extensive list of planetary positions, which, at first glance, appears to refer to calendrical calculations. The manuscript needs to be studied in detail to understand the role of computational processes in astrological calculations.

The manuscript appears to be in good shape. Has a total of 34 leaves with about 8 lines per side.

The following description is from a recently published volume of Kaṇakkatikārarattiṉac curukkam edited by Muthu V Prakash and Gunasekaran Babu. Kanakkatikara rattinac curukkam, written in late medieval South India by Valathuruvakkum Perumal, is a compilation of mathematical problems. These problems pertain to practices concerning village accounting, agriculture and other artisanal occupations. This text is part of the genre of mathematical texts in Tamil, called the Kanakkatikaram. While the text does not fit neatly into modern categories of a manual or a textbook, it is a compilation of computational procedures at the workplace of different practitioners, such as the revenue accountant, the peasant, the artisan and the trader. The explicitly pedagogical overtones to the text also help us understand the significance of the spheres in which such a text could have been in circulation in early modern south Tamil country. The manuscript is partially damaged but readable.

The dimension of this palm leaf manuscript is 38 x 3.5. Contains 31 leaves. 7 lines per page approximately. Preserved in good condition. Incomplete. This manuscript contains both the text with its commentary. This manuscript contains two kinds of page numbers inscribed to the left of the manuscript one gives the whole number of the bundle and the other gives the page number of the text. Each folio was classified according to the physical form of the manuscript. The text and its commentary were mentioned separately with specified symbols. Measurements, mathematical calculations are clearly explained. This could possibly be a pedagogical material. The copier appears to have had a sense of having a student's needs in his mind while copying. However, this needs to be closely examined.

This is a hand written copy of Kanakkatikaram copied by S Chandrasekaran in 1956 from a bundle which consisted of Kanakkatikaram, Nadi Nidanam and Agathiyar Muppuvaippu. It is not clear if the actual copy is complete. Our digitised copy is incomplete.

The dimension of this palm leaf manuscript is 40x3. Contains 27 leaves, 5 to 6 lines per page. The title page appears in the middle of this collection. The leaves are misarranged. Some leaves are missing (7-9). Incomplete. Some leaves are broken. Letters are in good visibility. This manuscript deals with all kinds of measurements such as volume, weighing, linear, time, yugas, etc. Lists the measurements and helps the students to know the value of the measurements in words.

The dimension of this paper manuscript is 26x32. Contains 54 pages. Complete. Preserved in good condition. This manuscript was copied in 1956 by Mr. Chandranakeswaran. The original manuscript from which this copy was made is unfortunately not mentioned in this copy. This manuscript contains both text and commentary.

This is digital copy of a Kanakkatikaram manuscript housed at Sri Venkateswara Oriental Research Institute, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati. It contains 61 leaves, is readable but incomplete and damaged. 8-9 lines per page.

This is a Kanakkatikaram manuscript held at GOML, Chennai. The manuscript appears to be in good condition and complete. However, we could not digitise the whole manuscript.

The dimension of this palm leaf manuscript is 31 x 3.5. Contains 1 page. 6 lines per page. Incomplete. The page number mentioned on the right side of the page is 142.

This is a handwritten copy of Kanakkatikaram. This paper manuscript is in good condition. The text says it was transcribed in 1920-21 from a manuscript of Vadamalaranbu (?) Chettiyar, Pudunagaram, Palghat.

The dimension of the palm leaf manuscript is 15x1 inches. 22 leaves; 44 folios. Condition is good, though some leaves are damaged. Contains 4-5 lines per page. Incomplete. Kanakkatikaram is a pedagogic text for advanced students. It deals with arithmetic and other mathematical calculations. Contains both formulas as well as calculations.

The title of this manuscript translates to Book of mathematics. The content also appear mathematical. The manuscript is perhaps incomplete. Catalogue information from GOML suggests that in addition to tamil script it also contains Grantha script. It needs to be closely studied to ascertain the nature and context of the content.

This is a digitised copy of a manuscript held at Oriental Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram. Though damaged, the manuscript appears complete. Kanakku Saastiram is possibly similar to Kanakkatikaram in content and structure. However, the manuscript is yet to be studied in detail.

Contains 52 leaves. Readable. Incomplete. 6 lines per page approximately. Brittle. This manuscript deals with astrological calculations and predictions. Verses are both in Tamil and Grantha script.

This manuscript bundle is composed of 90 leaves written on both sides. Bundle is good condition to read. The first 65 leaves is Kanitha Saastiram. Preserved in good condition. This manuscript deals with astrological calculations based on Surya Siddhanta.

The dimension of this palm-leaf manuscript is 28 x 3.5, contains 28 leaves, 6 to 11 lines per folio approximately. Preserved in good condition. incomplete. This bundle of palm leaves has various subjects such as the Gowri pañcāṅkam, a Hindu calendar and an almanac, and Ganita Curukkam. Ganita Curukkam was written in both Tamil and Granta script. The motion of the planets, calculating timings of both planets and titi, lunar days. This manuscript would be used as a consulting material for astrologers.

Handwritten copy of Kappal Saastiram, a tamil manuscript on ship building techniques. The translation was done by T. N. Appavoo.

Used to construct angle

As the name suggests, this is possibly an account (book) related to a temple. The text requires careful study to understand its context and the mathematical practices it reflects.

Accounts ledger from some Karaikkudi chettiar household

Contains 86 pages. Readable. Complete. Preserved in good condition. This paper document deals with the Chettiyar family accounts.

Contains 287 pages. Readable. Complete. Preserved in good condition. This paper document deals with the Chettiyar family accounts of the 1930s.

The dimension of this palm leaf manuscript is 23.5 x 3. Contains 41 leaves. 6 lines per page approximately. Incomplete. Readable. Almost the left portion of all of the manuscripts are damaged. This manuscript contains both text and commentary. Beginning with the quality of the sculptor, this text details the beneficial star for the owner, measuring land for construction, measuring scale, trees for suitable varnas are listed and detailed. This text could probably be pedagogical material for schools.

The dimension of this palm leaf manuscript is 23.5 x 3. Contains 41 leaves. 6 lines per page approximately. Incomplete. Readable. Almost the left portion of all of the manuscripts are damaged. This manuscript contains both text and commentary. Beginning with the quality of the sculptor, this text details the beneficial star for the owner, measuring land for construction, measuring scale, trees for suitable varnas are listed and detailed. This text could probably be pedagogical material for schools.

The dimension of this palm leaf manuscript is 38 x 3.5. Contains 24 leaves. 4 - 8 lines per page. Preserved in good condition. Incomplete. Pages are misarranged. This text deals with the calculation of the construction land with its diagram. The measurement table was also given with the fortunes gained by the owner if he used the measurement. This treatise seems to be a reference material for the builders and astrologers.

Contains 24 leaves. Readable. Incomplete. 8-9 lines per page approximately. Good condition. This manuscript deals with the land calculations and lists the fortunes to specific land measures. This manuscript could have used as a reference material for astrologers and builders.

Contains 28 leaves. Readable. Complete. 4-5 lines per page approximately. Good condition. This manuscript deals with building constructions and calculations.

Contains 198 pages. Readable. Complete. Preserved in good condition. The manuscript deals with day-to-day fishery accounts in the 1940s. It is sourced from a Muslim household in the Coromandel coast.

Contains 7 leaves. Readable. Complete. Preserved in good condition. This manuscript deals with number table from fractions to crore.

Contains 15 leaves. Readable. Complete. Good condition. 4-5 lines per page. This manuscript deals with number table from fractions to crore and named as muttappan (kanakku). A poem is found praising Lord Muruga at the end of the manuscript.

Contains 9 leaves. Readable. Complete. 4-5 lines per page approximately. Preserved in good condition. This manuscript deals with number table from fraction to crore and has been termed as pḻaṉiyappaṉ mintirilakkam.

Contains 6 leaves. Readable. Complete. preserved in good condition. 6-7 lines per page. This manuscript deals with number table from fraction to crore. This text is titled as Karuppanna Munthirilakkam in the manuscript.

Contains 5 leaves. Readable. Complete. 5-6 lines per page approximately. bad condition. This manuscript deals with multiplication table from fraction to crore, would be included in curriculum for primary level. This manuscript would be belonged to Periya Thambi, Karuppanan.

Contains 8 leaves. Readable. Incomplete. 5-6 lines per page approximately. Good condition. This manuscript deals with multiplication table from fraction to crore, considered to be basic mathematics.

Contains 17 leaves. Readable. Incomplete. 5-6 lines per page approximately. some leaves are damaged. Two leaves with page number 16 and 17 are missing. But it is wrongly titled Muntiri Ilakkam. This manuscript served as a pedagogic material to the primary level students.

Contains 5 leaves. Readable. Complete. 5-6 lines per page approximately. bad condition. This manuscript deals with multiplication table from fraction to crore, would be included in curriculum for primary level. This manuscript would be belonged to Periya Thambi, Karuppanan.

Contains 6 leaves. Readable. Complete. Good condition. 5-6 lines per page approximately. This manuscript deals with number table from fraction to crore and has titled as muttusamy muntirilakkam.

Contains 10 leaves. Readable. Complete. 4 - 5 lines per page approximately. Good condition. This manuscript served as a multiplication table from fraction to crore included in primary level curriculum.

Contains 8 leaves. Readable. Complete. 4-7 lines per page. preserved in good condition. This manuscript deals with multiplication table from fraction to crore, would be included in curriculum for primary level.